International Journal of Pharmacetical Sciences Letters
Editor- In-Chief : Mr. Mandeep Title proper : International Journal of Pharmacetical Sciences Letters Issn : 2277-4564 Subject : Pharmacetical Sciences Publisher : Unicorn Publishers Dates of publication : 2011 Frequency : Quarterly Language : English Country : India Medium : Online Indexed by : CROSSREF Indexed by : ROAD Indexed by : THE KEEPERS Title DOI of the Journal: http://doi.org/10.62654/issn.2277-4564
Hybrid Deep Learning Approach for AI Medical Device Post-Market Surveillance: Combining CNN and LSTM for Image and Time-Series Data Analysis
Artificial intelligence-based medical devices are transforming healthcare by delivering precise diagnoses, real-time monitoring, and improved patient care. But their safety, efficacy, and compliance with regulations after they are made available in the market continue to pose a challenge. Conventional post-market surveillance practices, mainly based on sporadic assessments and clinical trials, are typically time-consuming, expensive, and ineffective in offering real-time information about device performance. This work introduces a Hybrid Deep Learning Approach combining CNN for medical image processing and LSTM networks for time-series analysis and presents a scalable and efficient solution for AI medical device post-market surveillance. With these two powerful models, the proposed solution will be used to guarantee the performance of devices in terms of capturing images and monitoring patient health over a period of time. The model has been tested against two vital datasets, the Heart Disease Dataset and ISIC where it is spectacular in tracking the performance of the monitoring devices and also the health condition of the patients. The model achieved 99 percent in overall performance evaluation of the device, excellent precision, recall, and F1-scores of the Skin Cancer Dataset. The hybrid model elaborated upon is deemed superior to traditional approaches like SaMD + PMCF in terms of mitigating risks, following up in clinics, and fusing disparate data. Moreover, it highlights the need for secure processing of the data and the implementation of cloud security systems for patient confidentiality and regulatory compliance. The findings thus illustrate the potential enhancement of effectiveness, scalability, and reliability of post-market surveillance of AI medical devices through the hybrid deep learning approach.
Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
TITLE-SPECTRO SCOPIC DETERMINATION OF AZIDE CONTENT IN IRBISARTAN DRUG SUBSTANCE
Objective: The synthesis of drugs often involves various reagents and intermediates, and azides are one such class of compounds that are commonly used in organic synthesis due to their ability to undergo nucleophilic displacement reactions. However, azides can also be potentially genotoxic, posing a risk to drug safety. Therefore, it is important to monitor and quantify azide levels in drug substances to ensure they remain within acceptable limits. Irbisartan (also known as irbesartan) is a drug used to treat high blood pressure and diabetic nephropathy. The synthesis of irbesartan involve azide-containing intermediates, which necessitates the development of a method for detecting and quantifying any residual azides in the final drug substance. A UV method was developed to identify azide content in Irbisartan. Methods: This analytical method, developed for the estimation of azide by adding of ferric ammonium sulfate, gives a characteristic color at neutral pH showing an absorbance maximum of 458nm. Results and conclusion: Linearity studies indicated that estimation of azide between 6µg/g – 42µg/g was found to be linear with regression equation of y=0.004x+0.034(R20.998). This method was developed was validated for accuracy, precision, Linearity, Limit of detection (LOD), Limit of quantification (LOQ) studies. The relative standard deviation (% RSD) intraday and inter-day precisions are 0.86 and 0.75 respectively. In accuracy studies, recovery was found in the range of 98-101%. The Limit of detection (LOD) and Limit of quantification (LOQ) were found to be 1.96µg/g and 5.93µg/g respectively. The above analytical parameters indicated that the developed UV spectrophotometric method of azide content in was developed for the Irbisartan drug substance. This method is simple, Accurate & Reproducible, less expensive method. Azide compounds have the potential to generate genotoxic impurities because of their ability to decompose and produce reactive nitrogen species. These species can damage cellular components, increasing the risk of genotoxic effects.
Ultra violet spectrophotometric method of azide
A New Prognostic Biomarker for Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Associated With Immune Infiltration: Implications for COVID-19
SARS-CoV-2, the current severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, has spread around the world and is posing a major danger to human life, particularly for cancer patients. Therefore, we aimed to ascertain the clinical functions of ACE2, the SARS- CoV-2 cell entry receptor, in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). The prognostic and clinicopathological features of ACE2 were ascertained using immunohistochemistry, western blot findings, and the TCGA, GEO, and TIP datasets.
Effectiveness of End-Range Mobilization with Movement with Mobilization Versus Osteopathic Approaches in Treating Frozen Shoulder: A Comparative Study
Shoulder periarthritis is one of the painful and severely limiting condition with the painful limitation of shoulder movement; adhesive capsulitis is one such condition. Based on this reason, the purpose of this observe become to evaluate the effectiveness of ERM-MWM with osteopathic strategies to inflict change on pain, feature, and ROM of sufferers with frozen shoulder. A randomized controlled trial was performed with 80 individuals identified with frozen shoulder, allocated into intervention agencies: ERM-MWM (n=forty) and osteopathic remedy (n=forty). The VAS, the SPADI, and goniometric ROM evaluation were accumulated at baseline, four weeks and 8 weeks. The quantitative facts accrued revealed that each businesses had made statistically tremendous changes on the cease of the 8 weeks (p<zero.05), and the modifications were more in the ERM-MWM than the osteopathic organization for shoulder flexion and abduction range of movement, whereas upgrades for pain and global feature became better inside the osteopathic organization. These results display that ERM-MWM is efficient to decorate the shoulder motion whilst osteopathic technique caters the pain remedy multiple manner concurrently. A combination of the therapies is probably very effective in handling the signs and symptoms of frozen shoulder.
Formulation and Characterization of Fast Dissolving Strips of an Antiemetic Drug
The creation and characterisation of oral meclizine hydrochloride wafers that dissolve quickly is the goal of the current study. Solvent casting was used to create fast-dissolving wafers containing meclizine hydrochloride. At 232 nm, a UV-visible spectrophotometer was used to assess the drug content.
Evaluation of Antidiabetic Potential of Ficus religiosa Leaf Extract in Streptozotocin-Induced Rats
Background: It is projected that the incidence of diabetes is rising yearly. Many people, including those in India, which is regarded as the world's diabetes capital, practice traditional medicine. Disturbances in the metabolism of fats, carbohydrates, and proteins are hallmarks of diabetes, a metabolic disease. The goal of this research is to assess coriandrum sativum's potential as an antidiabetic. Linn fruit methanolic extract in a model of diabetic wistar albino rats caused by streptozocin. Techniques: Streptozocin (50 mg/kg, i.p.) in citrate buffer is used to induce diabetes in wistar albino rats. Five groups (A, B, C, D, and E) of thirty wistar albino rats were created. Group B was the diabetic control, Group C was the methanolic coriandrum sativum, and Group D was the normal control. Group E was administered the conventional medication Glibenclamide (0.5 mg/kg) orally at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg of Linn. fruits extract (CSFME). Blood sugar levels were monitored at regular intervals until the study's conclusion, and all groups received treatment for 14 days in a row. Findings: This investigation demonstrates that the test drug compound CSFME exhibits persistent oral hypoglycemic action that is statistically significant (p ≤0.05) and equivalent to that of the common medication Glibenclamide. The study's findings support the antidiabetic effects of CSFME in wistar diabetic albino rats produced by streptozocin. It may be a new antidiabetic medication and a dietary supplement for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and its complications.
The Medicinal Effects of Various Bahia Racemosa Lam Bark Extracts on Cystamine-Induced Viruses
An experiment was undertaken to examine the antiulcer efficacy of the dried bark powder of the herb Bauhinia racemosa in wistar albino rats. Cysteamine produced duodenal ulcer in the rat is commonly utilized as a model of peptic ulcer disease. 36 wistar rats of either sex weighing between 180 -200gm were chosen and placed into six groups, each comprised of 6 rats.
Investigating the Pharmaco-Mechanical Characteristics of Buccal Patches and Their Interaction with Loaded Antihypertensive Drug Permeation
Atenolol buccal patches have the mucoadhesive layers built into their design, which extends across the whole patch. The medication and control release polymer (HPMC K15M or HPMC K4M) were the main components chosen for the matrix layer, whereas gum karaya was the prominent element in the mucoadhesive layer. Various assessments, including thickness uniformity, average weight, folding endurance, mucoadhesion strength, and swelling behavior, were performed on the developed patches. Permeation tests confirmed that the patches' physicomechanical qualities were adequate
A METHOD FOR EVALUATING THE EFFICACY OF A SINGLE BIOAGENT ON THREE SPECIES OF MOSQUITO LAREES
The most significant vector for transmission is mosquitoes. Numerous parasites and viruses that cause illness are capable of being carried by it. Diseases such as dengue fever, dengue hemorrhagic fever, malaria, Japanese encephalitis, and filariasis are transmitted by a number of species of the genera Aedes, Anopheles, and Culex. In India, Anopheles stephensi is an important vector for malaria. Malaria continues to be a major public health concern, with an estimated 300–500 million cases each year. Nearly 40% of humanity lives in regions where malaria is a common problem. Lymphatic filariasis's vector, Culex quinquefasciatus, is prevalent in tropical regions; an estimated 120 million individuals are infected globally, with 44 million experiencing a common chronic form. It is recognized that Aedes aegypti carries dengue. This research included Aedes aegypti, Anopheles stephensi, and Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes, which are known to have three distinct species. The three distinct mosquito larvae were chosen according to their instar numbers: 2, 3, and 4. Researchers selected Diplonychus indicus nymphs of the III, IV, and V instars, as well as male and female, to examine the species' predatory abilities and food preferences. Because Diplonychus indicus is known to exhibit a selective feeding behavior toward mosquito larvae, it was effective in destroying three distinct types of mosquito larvae. In addition to the predators (Diplonychus indicus) that were part of the experiment as a whole, the most active stage of exposure to Aedes aegypti during the fourth instar of larvae was compared to the dominating exposure in male predators. A predator's skill in targeting specific prey populations is crucial to the efficacy of natural enemy biological control agents.
Nutritionally Enriched Functional Biscuits for School-Going Children Who Are Malnourished
The current research aimed to complement the diets of malnourished children by creating a functional biscuit that was high in nutrients. The organoleptic qualities of one control biscuit and three samples of biscuits enhanced with vitamin premix were evaluated. Eleven students completed the sensory assessment.
An investigation of the hepatoprotective effects of Mollugo ceroviana Linn on rats subjected to carbon trifluoride-induced liver damage
There is no specific treatment regimen for liver damage induced by pathogens or chemical reagents, despite the fact that the two are quite comparable. The majority of substances that are harmful to the liver do so primarily by causing oxidative damages, such as lipid peroxidation. Because there was no effective allopathic treatment for hepatic damage, the researcher felt compelled to investigate herbal remedies. So, we have tried to determine how effective Mollugo cerviana is as a hepatoprotective agent. In this study, we looked at the effects of an alcoholic extract of Mollugo cerviana on CCl4-induced liver damage. The findings showed that CCl4-treated rats had considerably higher levels of all the enzymes compared to the control group. A positive control was used using silymarin at a dosage of 25 mg/kg. The antioxidant enzyme activities of rats treated with Mollugo cerviana were likewise significantly elevated. Lipid peroxidation is reduced and free radical scavenging is enhanced as a result of the antioxidant defenses provided by these enzymes. The substantial hepatoprotective effect may be due to the presence of flavonoids in the extract.
Understanding the clinical-pathological variables and prognosis in young women who survived breast cancer and went on to have a child
Aim. To clarify the role of clinical-pathological variables in overall survival (OS) among women who became pregnant after breast cancer therapy. Methods. Those women in this retrospective cohort were diagnosed with post-cancer pregnancy after a history of breast cancer but did not have active illness while they were less than 40 years old. Age and date of birth were used to analyze clinical-pathological variables. The Kaplan-Meier technique was used to assess overall survival (OS). Using the Cox proportional hazards approach to determine the hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI), the connection between clinical-pathological variables and OS was studied.
Evaluation of the Crude Drugs and Polyherbal Formulation (RVSPHF567) for Antimicrobial Activity Using a Standardized Cup and Plate Method
Polyherbal formulation RVSPHF567 and crude medicines (Ajowan, Cardamom, Cumin, Mace, Clove, and Nutmeg) were tested for antimicrobial properties utilizing bacterial and fungal cultures in a standardized cup-and-plate assay. The organisms that are used are the fungus Aspergillus niger, the G+ve bacteria Streptococcus aureus, and the G-ve bacteria Escherichia coli. The microorganisms were grown in a medium that provided them with the nutrients they needed. It was possible to extract crude meds by dissolving the powdered meds in the appropriate solvent. While alcohol and water were used as solvents for the extraction of crude medicines, red tender coconut water was utilized as the solvent for the creation of the Polyherbal formulation RVSPHF567. Pits on solidified agar media were used to transfer the extracted crude medicines and the Polyherbal formulation RVSPHF567. The medium had been treated with the various microorganisms separately. Additionally, plates that had fungal cultures streaked onto them were incubated at 25C for 24 hours, whereas plates that had bacterial cultures streaked onto them were placed in an incubator set at 37oC for 24 hours to allow the bacterial cultures to thrive. Following the incubation time, we measured and observed the proliferation of microorganisms as well as their inhibitory zone around the extracts of the crude medicines and the Polyherbal formulation RVSPHF567. There was a significant improvement in the effectiveness of the crude medications compared to the polyherbal formulation RVSPHF567 against the bacterial and fungal strains tested. The anti-aspergillus niger properties of mace, clove, cardamom, cumin, and ajowan are well-documented. As a polyherbal compound, nutmeg has potent streptococcus-fighting properties. When it comes to killing Aspergillus niger, Streptococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli, RVSPHF567 is unrivaled.
DETERMINANT AND PROTECTOR OF HEPATOSIS IN HIGH- FAT-FED WISTAR RATS
Sesamum indicum has a long history of use in traditional medicine; it protects metabolic rats given a high-fat diet and enhances liver functioning. The current study examined the hepatoprotective effects of sesame meal on Wistar rats who were given a high-fat diet. A total of five groups of healthy adult male wistar rats were created. Rats in Group I received a standard laboratory diet (20g/rat/day), rats in Group II received a high-fat diet (20mg/rat/day), rats in Group III received a combination of 70% high-fat diet and 30% sesame meal (20mg/rat/day), rats in Group IV received pioglitazone (25mg/kg of body weight) intravenously administered daily, and rats in Group V received a combined mixture of 70% standard laboratory pellet and 30% sesame meal (20mg/rat/day). Once the trial period (thirteen weeks) came to a close, the rats were killed. At the conclusion of the trial, rats who were given a high-fat diet showed a considerable rise in both their body weight and liver weight. While total protein levels declined, AST, ALT, ALP, and bilirubin levels in the blood and liver tissues of the rats given a high-fat diet increased significantly. However, after being treated with sesame meal, the values of all parameters returned to a normal range. Findings indicate that sesame meal has a strong hepatoprotective effect on rats that are given a high-fat diet. In terms of hepato-protective function, comparing the effects of sesame meal therapy to those of pioglitazone on rats that were given a high-fat diet shows that the sesame meal treatment was almost as effective as the pioglitazone treatment, if not more so.
A STUDY ON THE ROLE OF BREATHING EXERCISES IN ALLEVIATING CANCER-RELATED FATIGUE DURING RADIATION TREATMENT
Chronic radiation fatigue syndrome (CRF) is a debilitating illness that impacts the psychological, emotional, and physiological well-being of cancer patients undergoing radiation therapy. Finding out if breathing exercises improve quality of life and reduce chronic respiratory distress (CRF) in radiation therapy patients at certain hospitals in the goal of this study effort. For this RCT, two groups of people were picked at random. One group participated in a breathing exercise program for six weeks, whereas the other group got standard care alone. Timed breathing, diaphragmatic breathing, and mindfulness-based breathing were all components of the breathing exercise program. Indicators of quality of life (QOL), adherence to exercise programs, physical and mental health, and CRF as measured by the FACIT-fatigue scale or the Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI) were considered secondary outcomes. In SPSS, we used descriptive and inferential statistics to compare the outcomes of the intervention group to those of the control group. When we compare the two groups' CRF decrease and quality of life, we anticipate that the intervention group will do better. If this non-pharmacological approach is successful, it might be included into cancer treatment plans as a cost-effective method to control nausea and vomiting, which is particularly important in regions with little resources. By contributing to the growing body of research on non-pharmacological therapies for cancer-associated fatigue, the findings may improve patient outcomes in similar areas.
IMPACT OF REHABILITATION THERAPY ON FUNCTIONAL RECOVERY IN TRAUMATIC PARAPLEGIA PATIENTS IN KERALA
Traumatic paraplegia, a debilitating condition often resulting from spinal cord injury, presents significant challenges to individuals' physical function, independence, and quality of life. Rehabilitation therapy plays a crucial role in maximizing functional abilities and promoting well-being in these individuals. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of rehabilitation therapy for individuals with traumatic paraplegia in selected hospitals in Kerala, India. The primary objective is to evaluate the impact of rehabilitation therapy on physical mobility, functional independence, and psychological well-being among individuals with traumatic paraplegia. Additionally, the study aims to identify the challenges faced during rehabilitation and explore the role of multidisciplinary care in recovery. Motor recovery in traumatic spinal cord injury is reported to reach its plateau by 1 year and maximum recovery period is reported to be 2 years. Acute rehabilitation is very well documented in literature with patients reporting for functional rehabilitation immediately after shock period is over. However, the scenario being a bit different in rural areas with comparatively less awareness about role of physiotherapy, patients with reports at later stages. Reported here is a series of chronic cases who showed remarkable clinical and functional recovery in short time. Aim of this study is to report recovery in patients with chronic and to compare the patient outcomes with expected outcomes. Baseline assessment at admission and at discharge was recoded. Improvement was recorded with spinal cord independence at different time points.
THE IMPACT OF REGULAR AEROBIC EXERCISE ON STRESS LEVELS OF MENTAL HEALTH NURSES
This narrative review summarizes studies from the literature to understand the effects of exercise on mental health, particularly in depression, anxiety, and global psychological well-being. Results indicate that regular physical activity, including aerobic and resistance exercises, reduces depression and anxiety symptoms, improves mood, and enhances cognitive abilities. Theoretical models, such as the endorphin hypothesis and neurogenesis hypothesis, explain these benefits through mechanisms including endorphin release, reduced stress hormones, improved sleep, and neurogenesis. Evidence suggests that structured exercise programs can match the effectiveness of psychotherapy or medication with fewer adverse effects. The benefits of regular exercise have garnered attention from professionals, psychotherapy and policymakers, highlighting the necessity of incorporating exercise plans into mental health clinical practice. Additionally, this review advocates for more specific and personalized exercise interventions tailored to individual characteristics and preferences. It also aims to inform health and research agendas by specifying the optimal exercise type and intensity for eliciting desired benefits, and evaluating the potential for exercise interventions to sustain long-term psychological well-being.
A STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF HATHAYOGA ON ACADEMIC STRESS AMONG POSTGRADUATE NURSING STUDENTS IN KERALA
The relationship between stress and working memory (WM) is crucial in determining students’ academic performance, but the interaction between these factors is not yet fully understood. WM is a key cognitive function that is important for learning academic skills, such as reading, comprehension, problem-solving, and math. Academic stress is a prevalent concern among postgraduate nursing students, affecting their mental well-being, academic performance, and overall health. Various stress management techniques have been explored, with Hathayoga emerging as a promising intervention due to its holistic benefits on physical and mental health. By embracing a balanced approach that acknowledges both the adversities and advantages of aging, societies can devise holistic strategies to support older adults, foster healthy aging, and harness the complete potential of aging as a source of strength and enrichment for individuals and communities alike. The study further discusses the challenges faced by gerontology, the study of aging, in enhancing the quality of life for older adults across healthcare, economic, and social domains, emphasizing the importance of addressing these challenges to promote healthy and active aging. Twenty participants were selected from each of the ten schools randomly selected for the study. It was hypothesised that intermittent payment of teachers’ salaries, jerky promotion and erratic welfare packages impact negatively on their performance.
An Analysis of the Properties and Consequences for Stability of Examining Local Mobility in Amorphous Drugs
Recent years have seen a flurry of activity in the quest to determine whether or not amorphous drug physical and chemical stability are correlated with molecular mobility. The focus of these studies has been on molecular motions associated with glass transition or global mobility. However, there were a few of instances when the volatility defied explanation by global migration. It is becoming more accepted that local mobility (b-relaxations), which are much below the glass transition temperature, could be influencing stability. The mobility of an amorphous pharmaceutical below the glass transition temperature (g) is often determined by extrapolating data gathered above Tg. This kind of study isn't ideal for determining exact local mobility, but it could provide information on overall mobility. From a pharmacological point of view, our primary objective is to demonstrate the significance of local motions in amorphous medicines, particularly in the JohariGoldstein relaxations. A evaluation of the coupling model that connected local movements with global mobility was conducted to bring attention to the potential impact of local mobility on the stability of amorphous phases. The local motions in an amorphous matrix, found in molecular dispersions, have been investigated, and the influence of water and other additives has been considered. Ultimately, we have provided a brief overview, outlining the pros and cons, of the most popular instrumental approaches to local movement characterization. The publisher, WileyLiss, Inc., retains all rights.
Crystallization, solid dispersion, lyophilization, mobility, and amorphous
Copyright (c) 2020 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Improving the Precision of Ibuprofen Free Acid and Its Salts in Vitro Dissolution Assays
Researchers have questioned the predictive potential of in vitro dissolving tests for BCS class 2 weak acids utilizing the Bio pharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) as an experimental design to predict in vivo bioequivalence results. As a potential strategy for guaranteeing the discriminative capability of the in vitro dissolving techniques, this study examined the influence of buffer concentration media. Various salt forms of ibuprofen, as well as the free acid, were used to evaluate this method. In order to improve the discriminative power of the in vitro dissolution tests, the concentration of buffers used to prepare media that mimic intestinal conditions was adjusted to match that of bicarbonate buffer, the most common species of buffer in living organisms, so that both sets of samples reached the same surface pH (pH0). In order to enhance the resemblance to the in vivo findings, a two-stage test was combined with a pretreatment at an acidic pH to mimic the circumstances in the stomach. In order to more accurately represent the in vivo performance of the different formulations, the 2-stage test allowed for a more physiologically realistic accounting for variations in disintegration.
Copyright (c) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
In Silico Screening of Multi-Domain Targeted Inhibitors for PTK6: A Strategy Integrating Drug Repurposing and Consensus Docking
Protein tyrosine kinase 6, or BRK, is an intracellular tyrosine kinase that does not bind to receptors and is a member of the Src kinases family. Similar to other Src kinases, PTK6 has three domains: SH3, SH2, and SH1, which are responsible for tyrosine kinase activity. Despite extensive research into developing PTK6 inhibitors that specifically target the SH1 domain—the part of the protein that is involved in kinase activity across several pathways—it has been shown that this region alone is insufficient to limit PTK6 activity. Research that followed established that PTK6's SH2 and SH3 domains play an essential role in substrate binding and intramolecular interactions. As a result, it is critical to find PTK6 inhibitors that target both the SH1 and SH2 and SH3 domains. Our in silico structural-based virtual screening method, which includes drug repurposing and a consensus docking technique, has yielded four ligand candidates that can inhibit PT6K's tyrosine kinase domain and SH2/SH3 domains at the same time. This discovery raises the possibility of new avenues for therapeutic therapies involving the suppression of PTK6.
drug repurposing; consensus docking; structure based virtual screening; in silico studies
Copyright (c) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Comprehensive Strategies and Emerging Trends in the Global Fight Against Malaria
Malaria remains a significant global health challenge, particularly in regions where poverty, climate, and limited access to healthcare converge. This review article provides a comprehensive overview of current research findings, control strategies, and emerging trends in the fight against malaria. Drawing from a wide range of scientific literature and field reports, we delve into the intricate web of factors influencing malaria transmission, its impact on communities, and the innovative approaches being employed to combat this ancient scourge. By synthesizing key insights and highlighting gaps in knowledge, this review aims to inform policymakers, healthcare professionals, and researchers on the ongoing battle against "Malrira."
Malaria Control, Disease Transmission, Public Health Strategies, Innovative Treatments
Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
Antiproliferative Effect of 7-Ketositosterol in Breast and Liver Cancer Cells: Possible Impact on Ceramide, Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinases, and Nuclear Factor Kappa B Signaling Pathways
-Ketositosterol (7-KSS) was the focus of this investigation because of its potential effects on sphingomyelin/ceramide metabolites and cell death in HepG2 and MCF-7 human liver cancer cells. Methods: At various concentrations and times, the anti-proliferative effects of 7-KSS therapy were evaluated. Cell viability was determined by MTT analysis, while sphingomyelins (SMs), ceramides (CERs), and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) levels were analyzed by LC-MS/MS. Western blot analysis and immunofluorescence labeling were used to determine the amounts of phosphorylated 44/42 ERK1/2 and NF-κB p65 (Ser536) proteins. The process of cell death was examined by using flow cytometric analysis of annexin-V and propidium iodide (PI) labeling, as well as TUNEL staining. In comparison to control cells, 7- KSS treatment considerably reduced cell viability and levels of S1P, p-44/42 ERK1/2, and pNF-κB p65 proteins in cancer cells. In cancer cells treated with 7-KSS, apoptosis and intracellular levels of C16-C24 CERs were shown to increase significantly. Results: S1P, p44/42 ERK1/2, and p-NF-κB p65 protein levels were downregulated by 7-KSS, which decreased cell proliferation and increased ceramide buildup and apoptosis.
Quercetin and Kaempferol as Multi-Targeting Antidiabetic Agents against Mouse Model of Chemically Induced Type 2 Diabetes
Finding effective, safe medications that address several aspects of the metabolic condition known as diabetes is an urgent medical need. The potential of quercetin and kaempferol as multi-targeting antidiabetic agents was examined in this research. Using pharmacokinetic and docking software (AutoDock Vina 1.1.2), the druggability and binding affinities towards several antidiabetic targets were investigated for both drugs. According to our research, quercetin and kaempferol have good ADMET (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity) profiles and follow Lipinski's rule of five. In comparison to metformin, the positive control, both compounds exhibited stronger binding affinities for C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-1 (IL-1), dipeptidyl peptidase4 (DPP-IV), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG), protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP), and sodium-glucose cotransporter-1 (SGLT-1). Kaempferol reduced α-amylase activity (in vitro) to a degree of 37.43 ± 0.42% and quercetin to a degree of 20.30 ± 0.49. In diabetic mice caused by streptozotocin-nicotinamide (STZ-NA), their oral supplementation led to a substantial decrease in blood glucose levels (p < 0.001), an improvement in lipid profile (p < 0.001), and an enhancement in total antioxidant status (p < 0.01). In addition, the growth of cancer cells Huh-7 and HepG2 was considerably reduced by both compounds (p < 0.0001), but the viability of the non-cancer Vero cell line was unaffected. Finally, compared to metformin, quercetin and kaempferol had stronger binding affinities to a variety of targets. Both compounds show promise for future research in diabetes treatment due to their antidiabetic capabilities in vitro and in vivo, as well as their anticancer activity. Maybe since they both target the same receptors, the two medications did not work together synergistically.
molecular docking; anticancer activity; kaempferol; quercetin; multi- target compounds
Fish Oil Supplementation Mitigates High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity: Exploring Epigenetic Modulation and Genes Associated with Adipose Tissue Dysfunction in MiceSS
: The fragrant herb Anethum graveolens has a long history of medicinal usage, particularly as an antispasmodic and carminative. Essential oils and seed extracts collected in Errachidia, southern Morocco, will have their chemical compositions examined in this research. We will also test these oils and extracts for antibacterial and anti-oxidant capabilities. According to the GC-MS results, the primary components of the hydrodistillation-isolated EO were E-anethole (38.13%), es-tragole (29.32%), fenchone (17.21%), and α-pinene (7.37%). Using decoction and Soxhlet extraction techniques, the phenolic components were removed. Different extracts of A. graveolens had varying concentrations of polyphenols, flavonoids, and condensed tannins, according to the phenolic compound test. The decoction was subjected to HPLC/UV-ESI-MS tests, which revealed a wide range of molecular structures. Among these, the most significant ones were 12.35% umbelliferone, 11.23% 3-hydroxyflavone, 8.95% rosmanol, 8.36% bi-otin, 4.91% emmotin H, and 4.21% coumarin. The antioxidant activity, as measured by three methods (DPPH•, FRAP, and CAT), showed that the extracts and essential oils (EOs) could effectively fight harmful free radicals, regulate the production of reactive oxygen species, and reduce oxidative damage. Eos and extracts were tested in a liquid media for their antibacterial activity against five different strains of bacteria: E. cloacae, K. pneumoniae, E. coli, S. aureus, and S. epidermidis. Additionally, they were tested against four different types of candidiasis: C. albicans, C. dubliniensis, C. tropicalis, and C. parapsilosis, as well as Aspergillus niger. When compared to the aqueous, ethanolic, and decoction extracts, the findings demonstrated that the EOs were more efficient against the majority of the bacteria tested. Not only that, but the antifungal activity of the ethanolic extract was different from the other extracts. The study's essential oils' antimicrobial properties are mainly due to the synergistic interactions of Eanethole, estragole, and fenchone, which are its three main ingredients. The chosen bioactive chemicals interact and stabilize with several target proteins that have antioxidant and antibacterial effects, according to molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation studies. With stronger binding energies to the investigated proteins, compounds such as 3-hydroxyflavone, emmotin H, trans-caftaric acid, me-thyl rosmarinate, 1-caffeoyl-beta-D-glucose, and kaempferol showed promise as antioxidant and antibacterial agents. Finally, our results highlight the importance of A. graveolens seeds as a potential source of bioactive substances with positive health effects that potentially replace
Anethum graveolens; GC/MS; HPLC/UV-ESI-MS; polyphenols; flavonoids; antioxidants; antimicrobials
Phytochemical Analysis and Evaluation of Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Properties of Essential Oils and Seed Extracts of Anethum graveolens from Southern Morocco: In Vitro andIn Silico Approach for a Natural Alternative to Synthetic Preservatives
The fragrant herb Anethum graveolens has a long history of medicinal usage, particularly as an antispasmodic and carminative. Essential oils and seed extracts collected in Errachidia, southern Morocco, will have their chemical compositions examined in this research. We will also test these oils and extracts for antibacterial and anti-oxidant capabilities. According to the GC-MS results, the primary components of the hydrodistillation-isolated EO were E-anethole (38.13%), es-tragole (29.32%), fenchone (17.21%), and α-pinene (7.37%). Using decoction and Soxhlet extraction techniques, the phenolic components were removed. Different extracts of A. graveolens had varying concentrations of polyphenols, flavonoids, and condensed tannins, according to the phenolic compound test. The decoction was subjected to HPLC/UV-ESI-MS tests, which revealed a wide range of molecular structures. Among these, the most significant ones were 12.35% umbelliferone, 11.23% 3-hydroxyflavone, 8.95% rosmanol, 8.36% bi-otin, 4.91% emmotin H, and 4.21% coumarin. The antioxidant activity, as measured by three methods (DPPH•, FRAP, and CAT), showed that the extracts and essential oils (EOs) could effectively fight harmful free radicals, regulate the production of reactive oxygen species, and reduce oxidative damage. Eos and extracts were tested in a liquid media for their antibacterial activity against five different strains of bacteria: E. cloacae, K. pneumoniae, E. coli, S. aureus, and S. epidermidis. Additionally, they were tested against four different types of candidiasis: C. albicans, C. dubliniensis, C. tropicalis, and C. parapsilosis, as well as Aspergillus niger. When compared to the aqueous, ethanolic, and decoction extracts, the findings demonstrated that the EOs were more efficient against the majority of the bacteria tested. Not only that, but the antifungal activity of the ethanolic extract was different from the other extracts. The study's essential oils' antimicrobial properties are mainly due to the synergistic interactions of Eanethole, estragole, and fenchone, which are its three main ingredients. The chosen bioactive chemicals interact and stabilize with several target proteins that have antioxidant and antibacterial effects, according to molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation studies. With stronger binding energies to the investigated proteins, compounds such as 3-hydroxyflavone, emmotin H, trans-caftaric acid, me-thyl rosmarinate, 1-caffeoyl-beta-D-glucose, and kaempferol showed promise as antioxidant and antibacterial agents. Finally, our results highlight the importance of A. graveolens seeds as a potential source of bioactive substances with positive health effects that potentially replace
Green tea leaf aqueous extracts of varying volumes (5ml, 10ml, 15ml, 20ml, 25ml) are outlined for the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using a 1Mm silver nitrate solution. UV-visible absorption spectroscopy, FTIR, SEM, and HPLC are utilized to evaluate synthesized nanoparticles. The synthesis was predicated on the phenomenon of surface plasmon resonance, as determined by UV- spectra at 200-400 nm, which confirmed the presence of silver nanoparticles. The Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum confirms the presence of Amine, Alcohol, Aldehyde, Aromatic, C-H bending, and C-O bending functional groups as concentrations of green tea leaf extracts increase. The Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis reveals a helical structure of silver nanoparticles ranging in size from 5 to 100 nm, which exhibits good antioxidant and antimicrobial properties against pathogens such as E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus, as well as good antimicrobial activity.
Green tea leaf aqueous extract, Silver Nanoparticles, UV-VIS, FTIR, SEM, HPLC, Antioxidant activity and antimicrobial activity
Green tea leaf aqueous extract, Silver Nanoparticles, UV-VIS, FTIR, SEM, HPLC, Antioxidant activity and antimicrobial activity.
The Proteome of Filter-Grown Caco-2 Cells With a Focus on Proteins Involved in Drug Disposition
Green tea leaf aqueous extracts of varying volumes (5ml, 10ml, 15ml, 20ml, 25ml) are outlined for the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using a 1Mm silver nitrate solution. UV-visible absorption spectroscopy, FTIR, SEM, and HPLC are utilized to evaluate synthesized nanoparticles. The synthesis was predicated on the phenomenon of surface plasmon resonance, as determined by UV- spectra at 200-400 nm, which confirmed the presence of silver nanoparticles. The Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum confirms the presence of Amine, Alcohol, Aldehyde, Aromatic, C-H bending, and C-O bending functional groups as concentrations of green tea leaf extracts increase. The Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis reveals a helical structure of silver nanoparticles ranging in size from 5 to 100 nm, which exhibits good antioxidant and antimicrobial properties against pathogens such as E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus, as well as good antimicrobial activity
Biological Synthesis and Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles of Camelia Sinenesis and Evaluation of Its Biological Activity